How Many Ciscoes Are Needed for Stocking in the Laurentian Great Lakes?
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Historically, Cisco Coregonus artedi and deepwater ciscoes spp. were the most abundant ecologically important fish species in Laurentian Great Lakes, but anthropogenic influences caused nearly all populations to collapse by 1970s. Fishery managers have begun exploring feasibility of restoring throughout basin, questions regarding hatchery propagation stocking remain. We used historical contemporary stock-recruit parameters previously estimated for Ciscoes Wisconsin waters Lake Superior, with estimates age-1 rearing habitat (broadly defined as total hectares ? 80 m depth) natural mortality, estimate how many fry (5.5 mo posthatch), fall fingerling (7.5 (at least 12 posthatch) hatchery-reared are needed Lakes mimic recruitment rates a lake that has undergone some recovery. Estimated densities suggested basin-wide would require at 6.41 × 108 fry, 4.69 fingerlings, or 3.43 simultaneous restoration effort targeting historically spawning areas Huron, Michigan, Erie, Ontario, Saint Clair. Numbers required considerably greater than current planned coregonine production capacity, thus is likely not feasible. Provided conditions do preclude restoration, could maximize effectiveness available capacity concentrating efforts areas, similar Saginaw Bay, Huron. Other within each (listed no particular order) include 1) Thunder Bay 2) Green 3) islands near Sandusky, Ohio, western 4) area Hamilton, Quinte Ontario. Our study focused entirely on may provide framework describing future needs ciscoes.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1944-687X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3996/jfwm-21-025